The United Kingdom is tightening its immigration rules, with a focus on raising English language standards for international students, foreign workers, and their adult dependants. Under the new framework, individuals applying to study, work, or settle in the UK will need to meet higher language proficiency requirements.
For those applying through the Skilled Worker route and other visa categories that already include a language requirement, the minimum standard is being raised from B1 to B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). This upgrade moves the requirement from an intermediate to an upper-intermediate level of English, indicating a stronger grasp of the language.
In addition, a new requirement is being introduced for adult dependants of both students and workers. They will now need to demonstrate at least A1 level proficiency in English—basic user level—aligning their entry criteria with those already in place for spouses and partners.
According to the immigration white paper recently presented to Parliament, the UK government aims to ensure that migrants continue to develop their English skills during their stay. For any visa extensions, applicants will be expected to show progress to at least A2 level, and for permanent settlement, B2 proficiency will be required.
These changes reflect Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s broader push to create a more integrated immigration system, where language plays a central role in long-term residency and citizenship pathways. Under the proposed measures, those without a strong command of English may face delays or restrictions in their path to settlement or naturalization.
This shift in policy will also affect many Indian nationals, who make up a significant portion of the UK’s international student and skilled worker population. The new requirements mean that bringing family members along will involve additional steps, including passing English language tests for adult dependants.
Currently, English tests are typically required only of the primary applicant. Most dependants entering through student or work visas do not need to meet any language standard. However, this is set to change under the revised rules.
A recent survey involving nearly 3,000 holders of Graduate visas found that 83% rated their English as very good or fluent. In contrast, only 73% of their dependants reported the same level of proficiency, highlighting the government’s concern and rationale behind expanding the language criteria.
The level of English required depends on the specific immigration route. For example, the Skilled Worker visa presently requires B1-level English. Additional tests are required when applying for permanent residence or UK citizenship, particularly for applicants over the age of 18.
These reforms aim to strengthen integration by ensuring that those who live and work in the UK can communicate effectively in English, both professionally and socially.
